A1Verbs

To Be and To Have: Present

The two most irregular verbs in German are also the two most useful. English has its own am / is / are and has.

Two verbs without a pattern

sein (to be) and haben (to have) do not follow the usual stem-plus-ending system. English is the same: am, is and are look nothing alike, and have becomes has. The most frequent verbs wear down over time. Learn these forms by heart, like vocabulary.

The twelve forms

sein and haben in the Präsens

PersonseinhabenEnglish
ichbinhabeI am / I have
dubisthastyou are / you have
er / sie / esisthathe is / he has
wirsindhabenwe are / we have
ihrseidhabtyou are / you have (plural)
sie / Siesindhabenthey are / you are (polite)

haben is almost regular: only du hast and er hat lose the b of the stem. sein is the really irregular one. In the plural, wir and sie are both sind and only ihr differs: seid, written with a d.

Ich bin müde.

I'm tired.

Du bist sehr nett.

You're very kind.

Es ist schon spät.

It's late already.

Wir sind zu Hause.

We're at home.

Ihr seid zu früh.

You're too early.

Haben Sie einen Termin?

Do you have an appointment?

polite Sie

What each verb is used for

sein: describing

Use sein for names, origin, age, jobs, places and feelings. Before a job there is no article: Sie ist Ärztin. With an adjective the article comes back: Er ist ein guter Lehrer.

Ich bin aus England.

I'm from England.

Wie alt bist du?

How old are you?

Sie ist Ärztin.

She's a doctor.

haben: owning and having

Use haben for things you own, people in your family and appointments.

Ich habe eine Frage.

I have a question.

Wir haben einen Hund.

We have a dog.

Hast du Zeit?

Do you have time?

haben: Hunger, Durst, Angst

German says I have hunger where English says I am hungry. These phrases have no article: Hunger haben, Durst haben, Angst haben, Recht haben, Glück haben.

Ich habe Hunger.

I'm hungry.

Du hast Recht.

You're right.

Wir haben Glück.

We're lucky.

Practise it in conversation.

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