A1Verbs

Essere

To be

Six forms that turn up in almost every sentence: sono, sei, è, siamo, siete, sono.

Essere = to be

Essere means to be. You need it the moment you introduce yourself, describe someone, name a place or tell the time. It is completely irregular: the forms cannot be derived from the infinitive, you learn them by heart.

essere (to be) — present

PersonFormEnglish
iosonoI am
tuseiyou are
lui / leièhe / she is
noisiamowe are
voisieteyou are (plural)
lorosonothey are

essere

Sono belongs to two persons: io sono (I am) and loro sono (they are). The sentence shows which one is meant: Sono Anna means “I am Anna”, Anna e Luca sono amici means “Anna and Luca are friends”.

What you use essere for

Who you are and where you are from

Where are you from? is literally “Of where are you?”: Di dove sei? Without di, Dove sei? asks where you are right now.

Ciao, sono Anna.

Hello, I am Anna.

Di dove sei? Sono di Londra.

Where are you from? I am from London.

Marco è medico.

Marco is a doctor.

What someone is like

Il tuo amico è molto gentile.

Your friend is very kind.

I bambini sono stanchi.

The children are tired.

Voi siete in ritardo.

You are late (all of you).

Where someone is

Sono a casa.

I am at home.

Dove sei?

Where are you?

Siamo a Roma per il weekend.

We are in Rome for the weekend.

Telling the time

Italian counts the hours and puts the verb in the plural: Sono le tre (literally “They are the three”), not È le tre. Only a single hour keeps è.

Sono le tre.

It is three o’clock.

È l'una.

It is one o’clock.

È mezzogiorno.

It is noon.

Practise it in conversation.

In Lingoo you read a short story at your level, practise the new forms and act out the situation in a conversation. The first 7 days are free.

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