A1Prepositions

Prepositions with Accusative

English prepositions ask nothing of the word behind them. These five German ones hand out a case before you have even finished the phrase.

Five prepositions, one case

In English a preposition never changes the noun behind it: for the man, for him. In German a preposition decides the case of what follows. These five always take the Akkusativ, whatever the sentence is about.

One example per gender

Wir gehen durch den Park.

We walk through the park.

masculine: der Park

Das Geschenk ist für meine Mutter.

The present is for my mother.

feminine: die Mutter

Ich gehe nie ohne mein Handy.

I never go anywhere without my phone.

neuter: das Handy

Wir spielen gegen die Nachbarn.

We're playing against the neighbours.

plural: die Nachbarn

Pronouns take their Akkusativ forms too: für dich, ohne mich, gegen ihn, um uns.

What each one means

durch — through

Movement through a space: durch den Tunnel, durch die Stadt.

für — for

Who or what something is meant for: für meine Mutter, für die Arbeit.

gegen — against, around

Opposition or collision: gegen die Wand, gegen den Chef. With a clock time it means around: gegen acht Uhr.

ohne — without

Like English, but it often drops the article: ohne Zucker, ohne Geld.

um — around

A circle in space: um den See, um die Ecke. With a clock time it means at: um acht Uhr.

In everyday sentences

Einen Kaffee ohne Milch, bitte.

A coffee without milk, please.

Ist das für mich?

Is that for me?

Ich lerne für die Prüfung.

I'm studying for the exam.

Gehen Sie um die Ecke.

Go around the corner.

Ich bin gegen den Plan.

I'm against the plan.

Practise it in conversation.

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