C1Register

Patterns of Technical German

Contracts, doctors' letters and manuals use a small set of recurring constructions. Spot the pattern and the sentence opens up.

The shared core

Specialist German differs by field in vocabulary, but its grammar draws on the same few tools. Learn to recognise them and you can read a text before you know every term.

  • Nominal chains: nouns stacked with the Genitiv: die Überprüfung der Einhaltung der Vorschriften. Read them from the right: the rules, their observance, checking it.

  • Long compounds: Kraftfahrzeughaftpflichtversicherung. The last part is the core: a Versicherung.

  • Fixed passive formulas with no agent: wird durchgeführt, ist einzuhalten, erfolgt.

  • Long participle attributes before the noun: das in Abschnitt 3 beschriebene Verfahren.

erfolgen: the empty verb of technical German

Die Lieferung erfolgt innerhalb von fünf Werktagen.

Delivery takes place within five working days.

erfolgen just means it happens; the meaning sits in the noun

Die Anmeldung erfolgt ausschließlich mittels Online-Formular.

Registration is only possible via the online form.

Legal German

Laws and contracts state rules impersonally. A wer clause defines who the rule applies to, bedürfen plus Genitiv states a requirement, and sofern limits the rule. English legal drafting has its own fixed phrases (shall, unless otherwise agreed), and German maps onto them closely.

Wer vorsätzlich falsche Angaben macht, wird mit einer Geldbuße belegt.

Anyone who knowingly gives false information shall be fined.

wer clause: whoever, anyone who

Die Kündigung bedarf der Schriftform.

Notice of termination must be given in writing.

bedürfen + Genitiv: requires

Sofern nichts anderes vereinbart ist, gilt eine Frist von drei Monaten.

Unless otherwise agreed, a notice period of three months applies.

Der Mieter ist verpflichtet, Schäden unverzüglich anzuzeigen.

The tenant shall report any damage without delay.

Medical German

Doctors' letters use the past passive for what was done, zeigt sich for findings, and many abbreviations. The patient is talked about, not to.

Die Patientin wurde mit Verdacht auf Lungenentzündung stationär aufgenommen.

The patient was admitted to hospital with suspected pneumonia.

Im Röntgenbild zeigt sich eine Verschattung im rechten Unterlappen.

The X-ray shows an opacity in the right lower lobe.

Der Patient klagt über Schmerzen im Oberbauch.

The patient complains of upper abdominal pain.

Two abbreviations come up constantly: o. B. (ohne Befund), meaning the examination found nothing abnormal, and Z. n. (Zustand nach), meaning status post, after an earlier operation or illness: Z. n. Knie-OP 2019.

Technical German

Manuals give instructions in three forms. The bare infinitive at the end is the most common, sein zu states a requirement, and the passive describes a process. English uses the imperative for nearly all of this.

Gerät vom Netz trennen und Abdeckung abnehmen.

Disconnect the device from the mains and remove the cover.

infinitive as an instruction, articles often dropped

Die Schrauben sind mit 12 Nm anzuziehen.

Tighten the screws to 12 Nm.

Das Gemisch wird auf 80 Grad erhitzt und anschließend gefiltert.

The mixture is heated to 80 degrees and then filtered.

Practise it in conversation.

In Lingoo you read a short story at your level, practise the new forms and act out the situation in a conversation. The first 7 days are free.

Download on the App Store