C1Vocabulary

Collocazioni

Collocations

Plenty of combinations are understandable; only the verb that belongs to the noun sounds idiomatic.

Words that belong together

A collocation is a customary pairing of two words. Grammatically several verbs would often work, but only one is used. In English you make a decision; in Italian you take it: prendere una decisione. Choose the wrong pairing and you'll be understood, but you'll sound translated.

Four verbs, many pairings

Most collocations hang on a handful of verbs that carry little meaning of their own. Learn them as pairs, not as single words.

Common pairings

VerbPairingsEnglish
farefare una passeggiata, fare una domanda, fare la fila, fare due chiacchieretake a walk, ask a question, queue, have a chat
prendereprendere una decisione, prendere freddo, prendere una multa, prendere il solemake a decision, catch a chill, get a fine, sunbathe
daredare retta, dare fastidio, dare una mano, dare un'occhiatalisten to someone, bother, lend a hand, take a look
prestareprestare attenzione, prestare servizio, prestare soccorsopay attention, serve, give first aid

In a sentence

Dobbiamo prendere una decisione entro lunedì.

We need to make a decision by Monday.

Dopo cena facciamo una passeggiata sul lungomare.

After dinner we take a walk along the seafront.

Dammi retta: non firmare niente senza leggerlo.

Listen to me: don't sign anything without reading it.

Vi chiedo di prestare attenzione a questo punto.

I'd ask you to pay attention to this point.

Puoi dare un'occhiata alla mia presentazione?

Can you take a look at my presentation?

Everyday or formal

Many nouns have an everyday and a formal collocation. The formal one fits reports, official letters and talks, much like English pose a question or commit an error.

Same noun, two verbs

Everyday

Posso fare una domanda?

Can I ask a question?

Ho fatto un errore nel calcolo.

I made a mistake in the calculation.

Domani do l'esame di statistica.

Tomorrow I'm taking my statistics exam.

Formal

Vorrei porre una domanda al relatore.

I would like to put a question to the speaker.

L'ufficio ha commesso un errore nel calcolo.

The office made an error in the calculation.

Il candidato ha sostenuto l'esame con esito positivo.

The candidate passed the examination.

Adjective and noun

Adjectives have fixed partners too. A heavy smoker is accanito, a serious mistake grave, a deep sleep profondo.

Mio zio era un fumatore accanito.

My uncle was a heavy smoker.

È stato un errore grave non avvisarla.

Not letting her know was a serious mistake.

Siamo usciti sotto una pioggia battente.

We went out in the pouring rain.

Rispetto all'anno scorso c'è un netto miglioramento.

Compared with last year there is a marked improvement.

Practise it in conversation.

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