A2Adjectives

Superlative

German builds its the biggest in two shapes, and which one you need depends on whether a noun follows.

Two shapes, one meaning

The superlative adds -st to the adjective, on top of any Umlaut the comparative has. English says the biggest everywhere. German has two shapes, depending on whether a noun follows.

The two shapes side by side

Im Juli ist es am wärmsten.

July is the warmest.

Juli ist der wärmste Monat.

July is the warmest month.

same meaning, different shape, because a noun follows

Von allen schwimmt Lisa am schnellsten.

Of everyone, Lisa swims the fastest.

Building the form

The am frame

am+schnell+-sten=am schnellsten

The -en in -sten belongs to the frame and never changes. Adjectives that umlaut in the comparative umlaut here too: alt → älter → am ältesten, jung → jünger → am jüngsten.

After -d, -t, -s, -ß, -sch and -z an extra e is inserted, because -st straight after those sounds is hard to pronounce: am ältesten, am heißesten. The one common exception is groß: am größten.

Comparative and superlative together

AdjectiveComparativeSuperlative
schnellschnelleram schnellsten
altälteram ältesten
kurzkürzeram kürzesten
heißheißeram heißesten
interessantinteressanteram interessantesten
großgrößeram größten

Forms in real sentences

Im Februar ist es am kältesten.

February is the coldest.

Dieser Weg ist am kürzesten.

This route is the shortest.

Unsere Küche ist am größten.

Our kitchen is the biggest.

Five irregular superlatives

Irregular superlatives

BaseComparativeSuperlativeEnglish
gutbesseram bestengood → best
vielmehram meistenmuch → most
gernlieberam liebstengladly → most of all
hochhöheram höchstenhigh → highest
nahnäheram nächstennear → nearest

nah → am nächsten also gives you die nächste Haltestelle (the next stop).

Am liebsten means most of all and names your favourite thing to do. At the start of a sentence the verb follows straight away: Am liebsten bleibe ich zu Hause.

The irregulars in use

Das schmeckt mir am besten.

I like that one best.

Am liebsten bleibe ich zu Hause.

Most of all I like staying at home.

Er arbeitet von uns allen am meisten.

Of all of us he works the most.

In front of a noun: der beste, die beste, das beste

When a noun follows, the am frame is dropped. The superlative stands after der, die, das or a word like mein, and it gets an adjective ending. In these examples that ending is -e; more on the other endings later.

Berlin ist die größte Stadt in Deutschland.

Berlin is the biggest city in Germany.

Das ist die beste Idee.

That's the best idea.

Wir nehmen das billigste Zimmer.

We'll take the cheapest room.

Sie ist meine beste Freundin.

She's my best friend.

Practise it in conversation.

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