A2Adjectives

Adjective Declension: Definite Article

German adjective endings have a terrifying reputation. After der, die and das there are exactly two of them.

Two endings after der, die, das

English adjectives never change: big is big in front of any noun. In German an adjective in front of a noun always takes an ending. Behind sein, werden or bleiben it stays bare: Das Auto ist neu, but das neue Auto.

From behind the verb to in front of the noun

Der Mann ist groß.→der große Mann

The paradigm

gut after the definite article

Casemasculinefeminineneuterplural
Nominativder gute Weindie gute Suppedas gute Bierdie guten Ideen
Akkusativden guten Weindie gute Suppedas gute Bierdie guten Ideen
Dativdem guten Weinder guten Suppedem guten Bierden guten Ideen

der Wein (m), die Suppe (f), das Bier (n), die Ideen (pl).

Remember the -e places and say that everything else is -en. A preposition that takes the Dativ (mit, bei, nach, von) settles it at once: the adjective ends in -en.

The pattern in sentences

Der große Mann wartet draußen.

The tall man is waiting outside.

Nominativ

Das neue Auto ist teuer.

The new car is expensive.

Nominativ

Ich kaufe den roten Mantel.

I'm buying the red coat.

Akkusativ masculine: the only -en in the top half

Nimm die nächste Bahn.

Take the next tram.

Akkusativ feminine: -e

Mit dem roten Mantel siehst du gut aus.

You look good in the red coat.

mit forces the Dativ

Die kleinen Kinder schlafen schon.

The little children are already asleep.

plural: -en

dieser, jeder, welcher

dieser (this), jeder (every) and welcher (which) change like der, die, das (dieser Mann, diesen Mann, diesem Mann), so the adjective after them takes the same endings. The plural alle (all) works the same way.

Dieser alte Schrank kommt weg.

This old cupboard is going.

Welches deutsche Buch liest du?

Which German book are you reading?

Alle neuen Kollegen sind nett.

All the new colleagues are nice.

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