A2Vocabulary

Ordinal Numbers

English adds -th to a number. German adds -te and then treats the result like an adjective: it takes an ending.

Building ordinals

Ordinals answer which one in the row?: the first, the second, the third. German adds a suffix to the number, and four of them are irregular.

The ordinals you need most

FigureOrdinal
1.der erste
2.der zweite
3.der dritte
4.der vierte
5.der fünfte
6.der sechste
7.der siebte
8.der achte
9.der neunte
10.der zehnte
11.der elfte
12.der zwölfte
19.der neunzehnte
20.der zwanzigste
21.der einundzwanzigste
31.der einunddreißigste

Shown after der. In compound numbers the suffix goes on the end of the whole word.

Ordinals take adjective endings

An ordinal stands between the article and the noun and takes the same ending as any adjective there. So the ending changes with the sentence: der erste Bus, but den ersten Bus and am ersten Mai.

Der erste Bus kommt um sechs.

The first bus comes at six.

Wir nehmen den ersten Bus.

We're taking the first bus.

Nehmen Sie die zweite Straße rechts.

Take the second street on the right.

Ich habe am ersten Juli Urlaub.

I'm on holiday on the first of July.

Wir sitzen in der zweiten Reihe.

We're sitting in the second row.

The dot in writing

German rarely writes ordinals out in full. Where English writes 3rd, German writes the figure and a full stop: 3. Without the dot, it is just a number.

Der Kurs beginnt am dritten September.

The course starts on the third of September.

written: am 3. September

Wir wohnen im ersten Stock.

We live on the first floor.

written: im 1. Stock — the ground floor is das Erdgeschoss, so this is one flight up

Saying the date

The day of the month is always an ordinal. Der Wievielte ist heute? asks for the date, and the answer is der + ordinal. Wann? asks for a point in time, and the answer is am + ordinal with the ending -en.

A

Der Wievielte ist heute?

What's the date today?

B

Heute ist der fünfte März.

Today is the fifth of March.

written: der 5. März

A

Wann hast du Geburtstag?

When is your birthday?

B

Am zwölften Juni.

On the twelfth of June.

written: am 12. Juni

German dates run day, month, year. In figures, each part gets a dot: 05.03.2026 is the fifth of March.

Practise it in conversation.

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