A2Verbs

Verbs with Prepositions

English waits for the bus. German waits auf it. The preposition belongs to the verb, not to the meaning.

The preposition belongs to the verb

In Ich warte auf den Bus the preposition does not describe a place or a means of transport. The verb warten simply requires auf. English does the same (wait for), but often with a different preposition, so a word-for-word translation fails.

Common verbs and their prepositions

The preposition usually tells you the case. mit, von, nach, bei always take the Dativ, für and um always take the Akkusativ. auf, an and über can take either case in other sentences, but with the verbs below they take the Akkusativ. After the preposition, a pronoun takes the same case: auf dich, mit ihm.

Verb + preposition + case

Verb + prepositionCaseEnglish
warten aufAkkusativto wait for
sich freuen aufAkkusativto look forward to
denken anAkkusativto think of, about
sich erinnern anAkkusativto remember
sprechen überAkkusativto talk about
sich interessieren fürAkkusativto be interested in
bitten umAkkusativto ask for
sich kümmern umAkkusativto take care of
sprechen mitDativto talk to
anfangen mitDativto start
erzählen vonDativto tell about
abhängen vonDativto depend on
fragen nachDativto ask about
helfen beiDativto help with

Ich warte auf den Bus.

I'm waiting for the bus.

Ich denke oft an meine Familie.

I often think about my family.

Erinnerst du dich an meinen Bruder?

Do you remember my brother?

English remember has no preposition, German needs an

Ich interessiere mich für Fotografie.

I'm interested in photography.

Kann ich kurz mit dir sprechen?

Can I talk to you for a moment?

talk to → sprechen mit, not zu

Wann fängst du mit dem Kurs an?

When are you starting the course?

German needs mit where English needs nothing

Das hängt vom Wetter ab.

That depends on the weather.

Hilfst du mir beim Umzug?

Will you help me with the move?

One verb, two prepositions

sich freuen auf: something still ahead

This is the German for look forward to.

Ich freue mich auf den Urlaub.

I'm looking forward to the holiday.

sich freuen über: something already here

A present you have received, news you have just heard. English says pleased about.

Ich freue mich über das Geschenk.

I'm delighted with the present.

sprechen mit and über: person and topic

mit names the person you speak to, über names the topic. Both can appear in one sentence.

Ich spreche mit dem Arzt über die Ergebnisse.

I'm talking to the doctor about the results.

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