B2Nouns & Articles

N-Declension

Until now only the article changed. A group of masculine nouns changes too: den Studenten, dem Kollegen, die Kunden.

The noun changes too

With most nouns only the article shows the case: der Mann → den Mann → dem Mann. A group of masculine nouns, the N-Deklination (weak declension), also adds -n or -en to the noun itself.

Bare in the Nominativ, with -en everywhere else

Ich habe den Studenten gefragt.

I asked the student.

der Student, but den Studenten.

Ich kann mich an den Namen nicht erinnern.

I can't remember the name.

der Name, but den Namen.

The forms

der Mann against der Kunde and der Student

Casenormal: der Mannweak: der Kundeweak: der Student
wer?der Mannder Kundeder Student
wen?den Mannden Kundenden Studenten
wem?dem Manndem Kundendem Studenten
wessen?des Mannesdes Kundendes Studenten
all casesdie Männerdie Kundendie Studenten

The articles are identical. Every difference is on the noun.

The ending is -en after a consonant (Student → Studenten) and -n after -e (Kunde → Kunden). Herr takes -n in the singular and -en in the plural: Herrn Weber, Damen und Herren.

A few weak nouns take an -s in the Genitiv after all: der Name → des Namens, der Gedanke → des Gedankens, der Glaube → des Glaubens, der Wille → des Willens. The neuter das Herz follows the same pattern: dem Herzen, des Herzens.

Which nouns are weak

All of them are masculine, and most are people or animals. Feminine forms such as die Studentin and die Kundin are not weak and never change in the singular.

The three main groups

GroupExamples
People and animalsder Kunde, der Kollege, der Junge, der Neffe, der Zeuge, der Löwe, der Affe
People, with the stress on the last syllable: -ent, -ant, -ist, -at, -ogeder Student, der Praktikant, der Polizist, der Kandidat, der Biologe
No ending to spot, learn them one by oneder Mensch, der Herr, der Nachbar, der Bauer, der Held, der Prinz

One from each group

Ich fahre mit einem Kollegen zur Messe.

I'm going to the trade fair with a colleague.

Wir suchen einen Praktikanten für den Sommer.

We're looking for an intern for the summer.

Frag doch den Nachbarn, der hat einen Schlüssel.

Just ask the neighbour, he's got a key.

Ich habe mit dem Lehrer und dem Kollegen gesprochen.

I spoke to the teacher and the colleague.

der Lehrer is a person but ends in -er, so it stays unchanged.

The ending belongs to the noun

The -n does not depend on the article. It stays after an adjective, after a preposition, in the plural and with no article at all. The only bare form is the Nominativ singular.

Sie hat einen jungen Architekten beauftragt.

She hired a young architect.

Das habe ich vom Kunden selbst gehört.

I heard that from the customer himself.

Die Polizei sucht noch Zeugen.

The police are still looking for witnesses.

Die Rede des Präsidenten war kurz.

The president's speech was short.

Ich habe Herrn Schneider die Unterlagen geschickt.

I sent Mr Schneider the documents.

Practise it in conversation.

In Lingoo you read a short story at your level, practise the new forms and act out the situation in a conversation. The first 7 days are free.

Download on the App Store